Indication

BLINCYTO® is indicated for the treatment of relapsed or refractory CD19-positive B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in adults and children.

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Adult Ph(+)

ALCANTARA

BLINCYTO® is an effective treatment for Ph(+) B-cell precursor ALL1

ALCANTARA study design

BLINCYTO® single-agent immunotherapy was evaluated in an open-label, single-arm, multicenter phase 2 study (N=45) in adult patients with R/R Ph(+) B-cell precursor ALL who progressed after or were intolerant to second- or later-generation TKI therapy1,2

Primary endpoint:2

  • CR/CRh* during first two cycles

Selected secondary endpoints:2

  • MRD response rate during the first two cycles of treatment
  • RFS
  • OS
  • HSCT after BLINCYTO®-induced remission

BLINCYTO® single-agent immunotherapy2

  • Continuous IV infusion for 2 induction cycles followed by up to 3 consolidation cycles
  • Treatment cycle: 4 weeks on drug, 2 weeks off
  • Dosing: 9 mcg/day on days 1–7 and 28 mcg/day on days 8–28 for cycle 1, and 28 mcg/day on days 1–28 for subsequent cycles
Key inclusion criteria2
Patients ≥ 18 years of age
Relapsed after or refractory to at least 1 second- or later-generation TKI or intolerant to second- or later-generation TKI and intolerant or refractory to imatinib
> 5% BM blasts
ECOG performance status ≤ 2
Key exclusion criteria2
HSCT within 12 weeks
Active acute or chronic Grade 2 to 4 GvHD
Systemic treatment of GvHD within 2 weeks before treatment start
History or presence of clinically relevant CNS pathology
Active CNS ALL
Isolated extramedullary disease

Difficult-to-treat patient population

  • BLINCYTO® was evaluated in difficult-to-treat patients, including those with prior ponatinib exposure, T315I mutation, and prior HSCT2

Baseline demographic and disease characteristics (N=45)1,2

Sex, n (%)
Male 24 (53)
Age group, n (%)
18 to < 55 years 22 (49)
55 to < 65 years 11 (24)
≥ 65 years 12 (27)
Prior TKI exposure, n (%)a
Dasatinib 39 (87)
Imatinbb 25 (56)
Ponatinib 23 (51)
Nilotinib 16 (36)
T3151 mutation , n (%) 10 (27)c
Prior HSCT , n (%) 20 (44)
≥ 3 prior TKI treatments, n (%) 17 (38)
84%
of patients received ≥ 2 prior TKIs

aPrior TKI use was not mutually exclusive.2

bOne patient was resistant to imatinib and was never exposed to a second-generation or later TKI (protocol deviation).2

cOf 37 patients evaluable for TKI mutational analysis.2

ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; BM, bone marrow; CNS, central nervous system; CR, complete remission; CRh*, complete remission with partial hematologic recovery; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; GvHD, graft versus host disease; HSCT, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; IV, intravenous; MRD, measurable or minimal residual disease; OS, overall survival; Ph(+), Philadelphia chromosome–positive; RFS, relapse-free survival; R/R, relapsed or refractory; TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

CR/CRh* was achieved for about a third of patients1

Primary endpoint: CR/CRh* rate within the first 2 treatment cycles1,2

CR was defined as ≤ 5% blasts in the BM, no evidence of disease, and full recovery of peripheral blood counts (platelets > 100,000/mcL and ANC > 1,000/mcL).1

CRh* was defined as ≤ 5% blasts in the BM, no evidence of disease, and partial recovery of peripheral blood counts (platelets > 50,000/mcL and ANC > 500/mcL).1

Consistent response across subgroups1,2

40%

(n=4/10)

CR among patients with T315I mutation†

47%

(n=8/17)

CR/CRh* rate among patients treated with
≥ 3 prior TKIs†

35%

(n=8/23)

CR/CRh* rate among patients who had received prior ponatinib therapy‡

  • 31% of responders (n=5/16) proceeded to HSCT1

†CR/CRh* in these subgroups was a prespecified analysis in ALCANTARA; however, the CR/CRh* efficacy in these subgroups was not a study objective and the study was not powered to assess CR/CRh* efficacy in these subgroups.4

‡Response in this subgroup is a post hoc analysis in ALCANTARA, thus the efficacy in this subgroup was not a study objective and the study was not powered to assess efficacy in this subgroup.3

The majority of patients who achieved CR/CRh* with BLINCYTO® had a complete MRD response1,2

88%

(n=14/16)

of patients with CR/CRh* were MRD negative within
the first 2 treatment cycles1,2

  • MRD response was defined as MRD1 by PCR < 1 x 10-4
  • All patients with T315I mutation who achieved CR/CRh* (n=4/10) were MRD negative within the first 2 treatment cycles2

The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines®) recommend blinatumomab (BLINCYTO®) as consolidation therapy for patients with Ph(+) R/R B-cell precursor ALL with persistent or rising measurable residual disease (MRD)5,§

§Also referred to as minimal residual disease.

ANC, absolute neutrophil count; CI, confidence interval; CRi, complete remission with incomplete hematologic recovery; NCCN, National Comprehensive Cancer Network; PCR, polymerase chain reaction.

References:

  1. BLINCYTO® (blinatumomab) Prescribing Information, Amgen.
  2. Martinelli G, Boissel N, Chevallier P, et al. Complete hematologic and molecular response in adult patients with relapsed/refractory Philadelphia chromosome–positive B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia following treatment with blinatumomab: Results from a phase II, single-arm, multicenter study. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35:1795-1802.
  3. ClinicalTrials.gov. Blinatumomab in adults with relapsed/refractory Philadelphia positive B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02000427. Accessed September 20, 2021.
  4. Data on file, Amgen; October 2014.
  5. Referenced with permission from the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines®) for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia v.2.2021. ©National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc. 2021. All rights reserved. Accessed September 20, 2021. To view the most recent and complete version of the guideline, go online to NCCN.org. NCCN makes no warranties of any kind whatsoever regarding their content, use or application and disclaims any responsibility for their application or use in any way.

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IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION

WARNING: CYTOKINE RELEASE SYNDROME and NEUROLOGICAL TOXICITIES

  • Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS), which may be life-threatening or fatal, occurred in patients receiving BLINCYTO®. Interrupt or discontinue BLINCYTO® and treat with corticosteroids as recommended.
  • Neurological toxicities, which may be severe, life-threatening or fatal, occurred in patients receiving BLINCYTO®. Interrupt or discontinue BLINCYTO® as recommended.
Contraindications

BLINCYTO® is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to blinatumomab or to any component of the product formulation.

Warnings and Precautions
  • Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS): CRS, which may be life-threatening or fatal, occurred in 15% of patients with R/R ALL and in 7% of patients with MRD-positive ALL. The median time to onset of CRS is 2 days after the start of infusion and the median time to resolution of CRS was 5 days among cases that resolved. Closely monitor and advise patients to contact their healthcare professional for signs and symptoms of serious adverse events such as fever, headache, nausea, asthenia, hypotension, increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT), increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), increased total bilirubin (TBILI), and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The manifestations of CRS after treatment with BLINCYTO® overlap with those of infusion reactions, capillary leak syndrome, and hemophagocytic histiocytosis/macrophage activation syndrome. If severe CRS occurs, interrupt BLINCYTO® until CRS resolves. Discontinue BLINCYTO® permanently if life-threatening CRS occurs. Administer corticosteroids for severe or life-threatening CRS.
  • Neurological Toxicities: Approximately 65% of patients receiving BLINCYTO® in clinical trials experienced neurological toxicities. The median time to the first event was within the first 2 weeks of BLINCYTO® treatment and the majority of events resolved. The most common (≥ 10%) manifestations of neurological toxicity were headache and tremor. Severe, life‐threatening, or fatal neurological toxicities occurred in approximately 13% of patients, including encephalopathy, convulsions, speech disorders, disturbances in consciousness, confusion and disorientation, and coordination and balance disorders. Manifestations of neurological toxicity included cranial nerve disorders. Monitor patients for signs or symptoms and interrupt or discontinue BLINCYTO® as outlined in the PI.
  • Infections: Approximately 25% of patients receiving BLINCYTO® in clinical trials experienced serious infections such as sepsis, pneumonia, bacteremia, opportunistic infections, and catheter-site infections, some of which were life-threatening or fatal. Administer prophylactic antibiotics and employ surveillance testing as appropriate during treatment. Monitor patients for signs or symptoms of infection and treat appropriately, including interruption or discontinuation of BLINCYTO® as needed.
  • Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS), which may be life-threatening or fatal, has been observed. Preventive measures, including pretreatment nontoxic cytoreduction and on-treatment hydration, should be used during BLINCYTO® treatment. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of TLS and interrupt or discontinue BLINCYTO® as needed to manage these events.
  • Neutropenia and Febrile Neutropenia, including life-threatening cases, have been observed. Monitor appropriate laboratory parameters (including, but not limited to, white blood cell count and absolute neutrophil count) during BLINCYTO® infusion and interrupt BLINCYTO® if prolonged neutropenia occurs.
  • Effects on Ability to Drive and Use Machines: Due to the possibility of neurological events, including seizures, patients receiving BLINCYTO® are at risk for loss of consciousness, and should be advised against driving and engaging in hazardous occupations or activities such as operating heavy or potentially dangerous machinery while BLINCYTO® is being administered.
  • Elevated Liver Enzymes: Transient elevations in liver enzymes have been associated with BLINCYTO® treatment with a median time to onset of 3 days. In patients receiving BLINCYTO®, although the majority of these events were observed in the setting of CRS, some cases of elevated liver enzymes were observed outside the setting of CRS, with a median time to onset of 19 days. Grade 3 or greater elevations in liver enzymes occurred in approximately 7% of patients outside the setting of CRS and resulted in treatment discontinuation in less than 1% of patients. Monitor ALT, AST, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and TBILI prior to the start of and during BLINCYTO® treatment. BLINCYTO® treatment should be interrupted if transaminases rise to > 5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) or if TBILI rises to > 3 times ULN.
  • Pancreatitis: Fatal pancreatitis has been reported in patients receiving BLINCYTO® in combination with dexamethasone in clinical trials and the post-marketing setting. Evaluate patients who develop signs and symptoms of pancreatitis and interrupt or discontinue BLINCYTO® and dexamethasone as needed.
  • Leukoencephalopathy: Although the clinical significance is unknown, cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes showing leukoencephalopathy have been observed in patients receiving BLINCYTO®, especially in patients previously treated with cranial irradiation and antileukemic chemotherapy.
  • Preparation and administration errors have occurred with BLINCYTO® treatment. Follow instructions for preparation (including admixing) and administration in the PI strictly to minimize medication errors (including underdose and overdose).
  • Immunization: Vaccination with live virus vaccines is not recommended for at least 2 weeks prior to the start of BLINCYTO® treatment, during treatment, and until immune recovery following last cycle of BLINCYTO®.
  • Risk of Serious Adverse Reactions in Pediatric Patients due to Benzyl Alcohol Preservative: Serious and fatal adverse reactions including “gasping syndrome,” which is characterized by central nervous system depression, metabolic acidosis, and gasping respirations, can occur in neonates and infants treated with benzyl alcohol-preserved drugs including BLINCYTO® (with preservative). When prescribing BLINCYTO® (with preservative) for pediatric patients, consider the combined daily metabolic load of benzyl alcohol from all sources including BLINCYTO® (with preservative) and other drugs containing benzyl alcohol. The minimum amount of benzyl alcohol at which serious adverse reactions may occur is not known. Due to the addition of bacteriostatic saline, 7-day bags of BLINCYTO® solution for infusion with preservative contain benzyl alcohol and are not recommended for use in any patients weighing < 22 kg.
Adverse Reactions
  • The most common adverse reactions (≥ 20%) in clinical trial experience of patients with Philadelphia chromosome-negative relapsed or refractory B-cell precursor ALL (TOWER Study) treated with BLINCYTO® were infections (bacterial and pathogen unspecified), pyrexia, headache, infusion-related reactions, anemia, febrile neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia. Serious adverse reactions were reported in 62% of patients. The most common serious adverse reactions (≥ 2%) included febrile neutropenia, pyrexia, sepsis, pneumonia, overdose, septic shock, CRS, bacterial sepsis, device related infection, and bacteremia.
  • Adverse reactions that were observed more frequently (≥ 10%) in the pediatric population compared to the adults with relapsed or refractory B-cell precursor ALL were pyrexia (80% vs. 61%), hypertension (26% vs. 8%), anemia (41% vs. 24%), infusion-related reaction (49% vs. 34%), thrombocytopenia (34% vs. 21%), leukopenia (24% vs. 11%), and weight increased (17% vs. 6%).
  • In pediatric patients less than 2 years old (infants), the incidence of neurologic toxicities was not significantly different than for the other age groups, but its manifestations were different; the only event terms reported were agitation, headache, insomnia, somnolence, and irritability. Infants also had an increased incidence of hypokalemia (50%) compared to other pediatric age cohorts (15-20%) or adults (17%).
Dosage and Administration Guidelines
  • BLINCYTO® is administered as a continuous intravenous infusion at a constant flow rate using an infusion pump which should be programmable, lockable, non-elastomeric, and have an alarm.
  • It is very important that the instructions for preparation (including admixing) and administration provided in the full Prescribing Information are strictly followed to minimize medication errors (including underdose and overdose).
INDICATION
  • BLINCYTO® is indicated for the treatment of relapsed or refractory CD19-positive B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in adults and children.

Please see full Prescribing Information, including Boxed WARNINGS and Medication Guide, for BLINCYTO®.

BLINCYTO® is a registered trademark of Amgen Inc.

See more

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION

WARNING: CYTOKINE RELEASE SYNDROME and NEUROLOGICAL TOXICITIES

  • Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS), which may be life-threatening or fatal, occurred in patients receiving BLINCYTO®. Interrupt or discontinue BLINCYTO® and treat with corticosteroids as recommended.
  • Neurological toxicities, which may be severe, life-threatening or fatal, occurred in patients receiving BLINCYTO®. Interrupt or discontinue BLINCYTO® as recommended.
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